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 // Copyright 2008, Google Inc.
 // All rights reserved.
 //
 // Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 // modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
 // met:
 //
 //     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 // notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 //     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
 // copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
 // in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 // distribution.
 //     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
 // contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 // this software without specific prior written permission.
 //
 // THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 // "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 // LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 // A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 // OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 // SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 // LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 // DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 // THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
 // Google Mock - a framework for writing C++ mock classes.
 //
 // This file tests the built-in matchers generated by a script.
 
 #include "gmock/gmock-generated-matchers.h"
 
 #include <list>
 #include <map>
 #include <set>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "gmock/gmock.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
 
 namespace {
 
 using std::list;
 using std::map;
 using std::pair;
 using std::set;
 using std::stringstream;
 using std::vector;
 using testing::get;
 using testing::make_tuple;
 using testing::tuple;
 using testing::_;
 using testing::Args;
 using testing::Contains;
 using testing::ElementsAre;
 using testing::ElementsAreArray;
 using testing::Eq;
 using testing::Ge;
 using testing::Gt;
 using testing::Le;
 using testing::Lt;
 using testing::MakeMatcher;
 using testing::Matcher;
 using testing::MatcherInterface;
 using testing::MatchResultListener;
 using testing::Ne;
 using testing::Not;
 using testing::Pointee;
 using testing::PrintToString;
 using testing::Ref;
 using testing::StaticAssertTypeEq;
 using testing::StrEq;
 using testing::Value;
 using testing::internal::ElementsAreArrayMatcher;
 using testing::internal::string;
 
 // Returns the description of the given matcher.
 template <typename T>
 string Describe(const Matcher<T>& m) {
   stringstream ss;
   m.DescribeTo(&ss);
   return ss.str();
 }
 
 // Returns the description of the negation of the given matcher.
 template <typename T>
 string DescribeNegation(const Matcher<T>& m) {
   stringstream ss;
   m.DescribeNegationTo(&ss);
   return ss.str();
 }
 
 // Returns the reason why x matches, or doesn't match, m.
 template <typename MatcherType, typename Value>
 string Explain(const MatcherType& m, const Value& x) {
   stringstream ss;
   m.ExplainMatchResultTo(x, &ss);
   return ss.str();
 }
 
 // Tests Args<k0, ..., kn>(m).
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, AcceptsZeroTemplateArg) {
   const tuple<int, bool> t(5, true);
   EXPECT_THAT(t, Args<>(Eq(tuple<>())));
   EXPECT_THAT(t, Not(Args<>(Ne(tuple<>()))));
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, AcceptsOneTemplateArg) {
   const tuple<int, bool> t(5, true);
   EXPECT_THAT(t, Args<0>(Eq(make_tuple(5))));
   EXPECT_THAT(t, Args<1>(Eq(make_tuple(true))));
   EXPECT_THAT(t, Not(Args<1>(Eq(make_tuple(false)))));
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, AcceptsTwoTemplateArgs) {
   const tuple<short, int, long> t(4, 5, 6L);  // NOLINT
 
   EXPECT_THAT(t, (Args<0, 1>(Lt())));
   EXPECT_THAT(t, (Args<1, 2>(Lt())));
   EXPECT_THAT(t, Not(Args<0, 2>(Gt())));
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, AcceptsRepeatedTemplateArgs) {
   const tuple<short, int, long> t(4, 5, 6L);  // NOLINT
   EXPECT_THAT(t, (Args<0, 0>(Eq())));
   EXPECT_THAT(t, Not(Args<1, 1>(Ne())));
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, AcceptsDecreasingTemplateArgs) {
   const tuple<short, int, long> t(4, 5, 6L);  // NOLINT
   EXPECT_THAT(t, (Args<2, 0>(Gt())));
   EXPECT_THAT(t, Not(Args<2, 1>(Lt())));
 }
 
 // The MATCHER*() macros trigger warning C4100 (unreferenced formal
 // parameter) in MSVC with -W4.  Unfortunately they cannot be fixed in
 // the macro definition, as the warnings are generated when the macro
 // is expanded and macro expansion cannot contain #pragma.  Therefore
 // we suppress them here.
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
 # pragma warning(push)
 # pragma warning(disable:4100)
 #endif
 
 MATCHER(SumIsZero, "") {
   return get<0>(arg) + get<1>(arg) + get<2>(arg) == 0;
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, AcceptsMoreTemplateArgsThanArityOfOriginalTuple) {
   EXPECT_THAT(make_tuple(-1, 2), (Args<0, 0, 1>(SumIsZero())));
   EXPECT_THAT(make_tuple(1, 2), Not(Args<0, 0, 1>(SumIsZero())));
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, CanBeNested) {
   const tuple<short, int, long, int> t(4, 5, 6L, 6);  // NOLINT
   EXPECT_THAT(t, (Args<1, 2, 3>(Args<1, 2>(Eq()))));
   EXPECT_THAT(t, (Args<0, 1, 3>(Args<0, 2>(Lt()))));
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, CanMatchTupleByValue) {
   typedef tuple<char, int, int> Tuple3;
   const Matcher<Tuple3> m = Args<1, 2>(Lt());
   EXPECT_TRUE(m.Matches(Tuple3('a', 1, 2)));
   EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(Tuple3('b', 2, 2)));
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, CanMatchTupleByReference) {
   typedef tuple<char, char, int> Tuple3;
   const Matcher<const Tuple3&> m = Args<0, 1>(Lt());
   EXPECT_TRUE(m.Matches(Tuple3('a', 'b', 2)));
   EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(Tuple3('b', 'b', 2)));
 }
 
 // Validates that arg is printed as str.
 MATCHER_P(PrintsAs, str, "") {
   return testing::PrintToString(arg) == str;
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, AcceptsTenTemplateArgs) {
   EXPECT_THAT(make_tuple(0, 1L, 2, 3L, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9),
               (Args<9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0>(
                   PrintsAs("(9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)"))));
   EXPECT_THAT(make_tuple(0, 1L, 2, 3L, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9),
               Not(Args<9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0>(
                       PrintsAs("(0, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)"))));
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, DescirbesSelfCorrectly) {
   const Matcher<tuple<int, bool, char> > m = Args<2, 0>(Lt());
   EXPECT_EQ("are a tuple whose fields (#2, #0) are a pair where "
             "the first < the second",
             Describe(m));
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, DescirbesNestedArgsCorrectly) {
   const Matcher<const tuple<int, bool, char, int>&> m =
       Args<0, 2, 3>(Args<2, 0>(Lt()));
   EXPECT_EQ("are a tuple whose fields (#0, #2, #3) are a tuple "
             "whose fields (#2, #0) are a pair where the first < the second",
             Describe(m));
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, DescribesNegationCorrectly) {
   const Matcher<tuple<int, char> > m = Args<1, 0>(Gt());
   EXPECT_EQ("are a tuple whose fields (#1, #0) aren't a pair "
             "where the first > the second",
             DescribeNegation(m));
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, ExplainsMatchResultWithoutInnerExplanation) {
   const Matcher<tuple<bool, int, int> > m = Args<1, 2>(Eq());
   EXPECT_EQ("whose fields (#1, #2) are (42, 42)",
             Explain(m, make_tuple(false, 42, 42)));
   EXPECT_EQ("whose fields (#1, #2) are (42, 43)",
             Explain(m, make_tuple(false, 42, 43)));
 }
 
 // For testing Args<>'s explanation.
 class LessThanMatcher : public MatcherInterface<tuple<char, int> > {
  public:
   virtual void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const {}
 
   virtual bool MatchAndExplain(tuple<char, int> value,
                                MatchResultListener* listener) const {
     const int diff = get<0>(value) - get<1>(value);
     if (diff > 0) {
       *listener << "where the first value is " << diff
                 << " more than the second";
     }
     return diff < 0;
   }
 };
 
 Matcher<tuple<char, int> > LessThan() {
   return MakeMatcher(new LessThanMatcher);
 }
 
 TEST(ArgsTest, ExplainsMatchResultWithInnerExplanation) {
   const Matcher<tuple<char, int, int> > m = Args<0, 2>(LessThan());
   EXPECT_EQ("whose fields (#0, #2) are ('a' (97, 0x61), 42), "
             "where the first value is 55 more than the second",
             Explain(m, make_tuple('a', 42, 42)));
   EXPECT_EQ("whose fields (#0, #2) are ('\\0', 43)",
             Explain(m, make_tuple('\0', 42, 43)));
 }
 
 // For testing ExplainMatchResultTo().
 class GreaterThanMatcher : public MatcherInterface<int> {
  public:
   explicit GreaterThanMatcher(int rhs) : rhs_(rhs) {}
 
   virtual void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
     *os << "is greater than " << rhs_;
   }
 
   virtual bool MatchAndExplain(int lhs,
                                MatchResultListener* listener) const {
     const int diff = lhs - rhs_;
     if (diff > 0) {
       *listener << "which is " << diff << " more than " << rhs_;
     } else if (diff == 0) {
       *listener << "which is the same as " << rhs_;
     } else {
       *listener << "which is " << -diff << " less than " << rhs_;
     }
 
     return lhs > rhs_;
   }
 
  private:
   int rhs_;
 };
 
 Matcher<int> GreaterThan(int n) {
   return MakeMatcher(new GreaterThanMatcher(n));
 }
 
 // Tests for ElementsAre().
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, CanDescribeExpectingNoElement) {
   Matcher<const vector<int>&> m = ElementsAre();
   EXPECT_EQ("is empty", Describe(m));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, CanDescribeExpectingOneElement) {
   Matcher<vector<int> > m = ElementsAre(Gt(5));
   EXPECT_EQ("has 1 element that is > 5", Describe(m));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, CanDescribeExpectingManyElements) {
   Matcher<list<string> > m = ElementsAre(StrEq("one"), "two");
   EXPECT_EQ("has 2 elements where\n"
             "element #0 is equal to \"one\",\n"
             "element #1 is equal to \"two\"", Describe(m));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, CanDescribeNegationOfExpectingNoElement) {
   Matcher<vector<int> > m = ElementsAre();
   EXPECT_EQ("isn't empty", DescribeNegation(m));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, CanDescribeNegationOfExpectingOneElment) {
   Matcher<const list<int>& > m = ElementsAre(Gt(5));
   EXPECT_EQ("doesn't have 1 element, or\n"
             "element #0 isn't > 5", DescribeNegation(m));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, CanDescribeNegationOfExpectingManyElements) {
   Matcher<const list<string>& > m = ElementsAre("one", "two");
   EXPECT_EQ("doesn't have 2 elements, or\n"
             "element #0 isn't equal to \"one\", or\n"
             "element #1 isn't equal to \"two\"", DescribeNegation(m));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, DoesNotExplainTrivialMatch) {
   Matcher<const list<int>& > m = ElementsAre(1, Ne(2));
 
   list<int> test_list;
   test_list.push_back(1);
   test_list.push_back(3);
   EXPECT_EQ("", Explain(m, test_list));  // No need to explain anything.
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, ExplainsNonTrivialMatch) {
   Matcher<const vector<int>& > m =
       ElementsAre(GreaterThan(1), 0, GreaterThan(2));
 
   const int a[] = { 10, 0, 100 };
   vector<int> test_vector(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
   EXPECT_EQ("whose element #0 matches, which is 9 more than 1,\n"
             "and whose element #2 matches, which is 98 more than 2",
             Explain(m, test_vector));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, CanExplainMismatchWrongSize) {
   Matcher<const list<int>& > m = ElementsAre(1, 3);
 
   list<int> test_list;
   // No need to explain when the container is empty.
   EXPECT_EQ("", Explain(m, test_list));
 
   test_list.push_back(1);
   EXPECT_EQ("which has 1 element", Explain(m, test_list));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, CanExplainMismatchRightSize) {
   Matcher<const vector<int>& > m = ElementsAre(1, GreaterThan(5));
 
   vector<int> v;
   v.push_back(2);
   v.push_back(1);
   EXPECT_EQ("whose element #0 doesn't match", Explain(m, v));
 
   v[0] = 1;
   EXPECT_EQ("whose element #1 doesn't match, which is 4 less than 5",
             Explain(m, v));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, MatchesOneElementVector) {
   vector<string> test_vector;
   test_vector.push_back("test string");
 
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAre(StrEq("test string")));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, MatchesOneElementList) {
   list<string> test_list;
   test_list.push_back("test string");
 
   EXPECT_THAT(test_list, ElementsAre("test string"));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, MatchesThreeElementVector) {
   vector<string> test_vector;
   test_vector.push_back("one");
   test_vector.push_back("two");
   test_vector.push_back("three");
 
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAre("one", StrEq("two"), _));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, MatchesOneElementEqMatcher) {
   vector<int> test_vector;
   test_vector.push_back(4);
 
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAre(Eq(4)));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, MatchesOneElementAnyMatcher) {
   vector<int> test_vector;
   test_vector.push_back(4);
 
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAre(_));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, MatchesOneElementValue) {
   vector<int> test_vector;
   test_vector.push_back(4);
 
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAre(4));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, MatchesThreeElementsMixedMatchers) {
   vector<int> test_vector;
   test_vector.push_back(1);
   test_vector.push_back(2);
   test_vector.push_back(3);
 
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAre(1, Eq(2), _));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, MatchesTenElementVector) {
   const int a[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
   vector<int> test_vector(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
 
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector,
               // The element list can contain values and/or matchers
               // of different types.
               ElementsAre(0, Ge(0), _, 3, 4, Ne(2), Eq(6), 7, 8, _));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, DoesNotMatchWrongSize) {
   vector<string> test_vector;
   test_vector.push_back("test string");
   test_vector.push_back("test string");
 
   Matcher<vector<string> > m = ElementsAre(StrEq("test string"));
   EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(test_vector));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, DoesNotMatchWrongValue) {
   vector<string> test_vector;
   test_vector.push_back("other string");
 
   Matcher<vector<string> > m = ElementsAre(StrEq("test string"));
   EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(test_vector));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, DoesNotMatchWrongOrder) {
   vector<string> test_vector;
   test_vector.push_back("one");
   test_vector.push_back("three");
   test_vector.push_back("two");
 
   Matcher<vector<string> > m = ElementsAre(
     StrEq("one"), StrEq("two"), StrEq("three"));
   EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(test_vector));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, WorksForNestedContainer) {
   const char* strings[] = {
     "Hi",
     "world"
   };
 
   vector<list<char> > nested;
   for (size_t i = 0; i < GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(strings); i++) {
     nested.push_back(list<char>(strings[i], strings[i] + strlen(strings[i])));
   }
 
   EXPECT_THAT(nested, ElementsAre(ElementsAre('H', Ne('e')),
                                   ElementsAre('w', 'o', _, _, 'd')));
   EXPECT_THAT(nested, Not(ElementsAre(ElementsAre('H', 'e'),
                                       ElementsAre('w', 'o', _, _, 'd'))));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, WorksWithByRefElementMatchers) {
   int a[] = { 0, 1, 2 };
   vector<int> v(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
 
   EXPECT_THAT(v, ElementsAre(Ref(v[0]), Ref(v[1]), Ref(v[2])));
   EXPECT_THAT(v, Not(ElementsAre(Ref(v[0]), Ref(v[1]), Ref(a[2]))));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, WorksWithContainerPointerUsingPointee) {
   int a[] = { 0, 1, 2 };
   vector<int> v(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
 
   EXPECT_THAT(&v, Pointee(ElementsAre(0, 1, _)));
   EXPECT_THAT(&v, Not(Pointee(ElementsAre(0, _, 3))));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, WorksWithNativeArrayPassedByReference) {
   int array[] = { 0, 1, 2 };
   EXPECT_THAT(array, ElementsAre(0, 1, _));
   EXPECT_THAT(array, Not(ElementsAre(1, _, _)));
   EXPECT_THAT(array, Not(ElementsAre(0, _)));
 }
 
 class NativeArrayPassedAsPointerAndSize {
  public:
   NativeArrayPassedAsPointerAndSize() {}
 
   MOCK_METHOD2(Helper, void(int* array, int size));
 
  private:
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(NativeArrayPassedAsPointerAndSize);
 };
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, WorksWithNativeArrayPassedAsPointerAndSize) {
   int array[] = { 0, 1 };
   ::testing::tuple<int*, size_t> array_as_tuple(array, 2);
   EXPECT_THAT(array_as_tuple, ElementsAre(0, 1));
   EXPECT_THAT(array_as_tuple, Not(ElementsAre(0)));
 
   NativeArrayPassedAsPointerAndSize helper;
   EXPECT_CALL(helper, Helper(_, _))
       .With(ElementsAre(0, 1));
   helper.Helper(array, 2);
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, WorksWithTwoDimensionalNativeArray) {
   const char a2[][3] = { "hi", "lo" };
   EXPECT_THAT(a2, ElementsAre(ElementsAre('h', 'i', '\0'),
                               ElementsAre('l', 'o', '\0')));
   EXPECT_THAT(a2, ElementsAre(StrEq("hi"), StrEq("lo")));
   EXPECT_THAT(a2, ElementsAre(Not(ElementsAre('h', 'o', '\0')),
                               ElementsAre('l', 'o', '\0')));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, AcceptsStringLiteral) {
   string array[] = { "hi", "one", "two" };
   EXPECT_THAT(array, ElementsAre("hi", "one", "two"));
   EXPECT_THAT(array, Not(ElementsAre("hi", "one", "too")));
 }
 
 #ifndef _MSC_VER
 
 // The following test passes a value of type const char[] to a
 // function template that expects const T&.  Some versions of MSVC
 // generates a compiler error C2665 for that.  We believe it's a bug
 // in MSVC.  Therefore this test is #if-ed out for MSVC.
 
 // Declared here with the size unknown.  Defined AFTER the following test.
 extern const char kHi[];
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, AcceptsArrayWithUnknownSize) {
   // The size of kHi is not known in this test, but ElementsAre() should
   // still accept it.
 
   string array1[] = { "hi" };
   EXPECT_THAT(array1, ElementsAre(kHi));
 
   string array2[] = { "ho" };
   EXPECT_THAT(array2, Not(ElementsAre(kHi)));
 }
 
 const char kHi[] = "hi";
 
 #endif  // _MSC_VER
 
 TEST(ElementsAreTest, MakesCopyOfArguments) {
   int x = 1;
   int y = 2;
   // This should make a copy of x and y.
   ::testing::internal::ElementsAreMatcher<testing::tuple<int, int> >
           polymorphic_matcher = ElementsAre(x, y);
   // Changing x and y now shouldn't affect the meaning of the above matcher.
   x = y = 0;
   const int array1[] = { 1, 2 };
   EXPECT_THAT(array1, polymorphic_matcher);
   const int array2[] = { 0, 0 };
   EXPECT_THAT(array2, Not(polymorphic_matcher));
 }
 
 
 // Tests for ElementsAreArray().  Since ElementsAreArray() shares most
 // of the implementation with ElementsAre(), we don't test it as
 // thoroughly here.
 
 TEST(ElementsAreArrayTest, CanBeCreatedWithValueArray) {
   const int a[] = { 1, 2, 3 };
 
   vector<int> test_vector(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAreArray(a));
 
   test_vector[2] = 0;
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, Not(ElementsAreArray(a)));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreArrayTest, CanBeCreatedWithArraySize) {
   const char* a[] = { "one", "two", "three" };
 
   vector<string> test_vector(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAreArray(a, GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a)));
 
   const char** p = a;
   test_vector[0] = "1";
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, Not(ElementsAreArray(p, GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a))));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreArrayTest, CanBeCreatedWithoutArraySize) {
   const char* a[] = { "one", "two", "three" };
 
   vector<string> test_vector(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAreArray(a));
 
   test_vector[0] = "1";
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, Not(ElementsAreArray(a)));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreArrayTest, CanBeCreatedWithMatcherArray) {
   const Matcher<string> kMatcherArray[] =
     { StrEq("one"), StrEq("two"), StrEq("three") };
 
   vector<string> test_vector;
   test_vector.push_back("one");
   test_vector.push_back("two");
   test_vector.push_back("three");
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAreArray(kMatcherArray));
 
   test_vector.push_back("three");
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, Not(ElementsAreArray(kMatcherArray)));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreArrayTest, CanBeCreatedWithVector) {
   const int a[] = { 1, 2, 3 };
   vector<int> test_vector(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
   const vector<int> expected(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAreArray(expected));
   test_vector.push_back(4);
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, Not(ElementsAreArray(expected)));
 }
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_STD_INITIALIZER_LIST_
 
 TEST(ElementsAreArrayTest, TakesInitializerList) {
   const int a[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
   EXPECT_THAT(a, ElementsAreArray({ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 }));
   EXPECT_THAT(a, Not(ElementsAreArray({ 1, 2, 3, 5, 4 })));
   EXPECT_THAT(a, Not(ElementsAreArray({ 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 })));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreArrayTest, TakesInitializerListOfCStrings) {
   const string a[5] = { "a", "b", "c", "d", "e" };
   EXPECT_THAT(a, ElementsAreArray({ "a", "b", "c", "d", "e" }));
   EXPECT_THAT(a, Not(ElementsAreArray({ "a", "b", "c", "e", "d" })));
   EXPECT_THAT(a, Not(ElementsAreArray({ "a", "b", "c", "d", "ef" })));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreArrayTest, TakesInitializerListOfSameTypedMatchers) {
   const int a[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
   EXPECT_THAT(a, ElementsAreArray(
       { Eq(1), Eq(2), Eq(3), Eq(4), Eq(5) }));
   EXPECT_THAT(a, Not(ElementsAreArray(
       { Eq(1), Eq(2), Eq(3), Eq(4), Eq(6) })));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreArrayTest,
      TakesInitializerListOfDifferentTypedMatchers) {
   const int a[5] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
   // The compiler cannot infer the type of the initializer list if its
   // elements have different types.  We must explicitly specify the
   // unified element type in this case.
   EXPECT_THAT(a, ElementsAreArray<Matcher<int> >(
       { Eq(1), Ne(-2), Ge(3), Le(4), Eq(5) }));
   EXPECT_THAT(a, Not(ElementsAreArray<Matcher<int> >(
       { Eq(1), Ne(-2), Ge(3), Le(4), Eq(6) })));
 }
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_INITIALIZER_LIST_
 
 TEST(ElementsAreArrayTest, CanBeCreatedWithMatcherVector) {
   const int a[] = { 1, 2, 3 };
   const Matcher<int> kMatchers[] = { Eq(1), Eq(2), Eq(3) };
   vector<int> test_vector(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
   const vector<Matcher<int> > expected(
       kMatchers, kMatchers + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(kMatchers));
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAreArray(expected));
   test_vector.push_back(4);
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, Not(ElementsAreArray(expected)));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreArrayTest, CanBeCreatedWithIteratorRange) {
   const int a[] = { 1, 2, 3 };
   const vector<int> test_vector(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
   const vector<int> expected(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAreArray(expected.begin(), expected.end()));
   // Pointers are iterators, too.
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, ElementsAreArray(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a)));
   // The empty range of NULL pointers should also be okay.
   int* const null_int = NULL;
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, Not(ElementsAreArray(null_int, null_int)));
   EXPECT_THAT((vector<int>()), ElementsAreArray(null_int, null_int));
 }
 
 // Since ElementsAre() and ElementsAreArray() share much of the
 // implementation, we only do a sanity test for native arrays here.
 TEST(ElementsAreArrayTest, WorksWithNativeArray) {
   ::std::string a[] = { "hi", "ho" };
   ::std::string b[] = { "hi", "ho" };
 
   EXPECT_THAT(a, ElementsAreArray(b));
   EXPECT_THAT(a, ElementsAreArray(b, 2));
   EXPECT_THAT(a, Not(ElementsAreArray(b, 1)));
 }
 
 TEST(ElementsAreArrayTest, SourceLifeSpan) {
   const int a[] = { 1, 2, 3 };
   vector<int> test_vector(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
   vector<int> expect(a, a + GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(a));
   ElementsAreArrayMatcher<int> matcher_maker =
       ElementsAreArray(expect.begin(), expect.end());
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, matcher_maker);
   // Changing in place the values that initialized matcher_maker should not
   // affect matcher_maker anymore. It should have made its own copy of them.
   typedef vector<int>::iterator Iter;
   for (Iter it = expect.begin(); it != expect.end(); ++it) { *it += 10; }
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, matcher_maker);
   test_vector.push_back(3);
   EXPECT_THAT(test_vector, Not(matcher_maker));
 }
 
 // Tests for the MATCHER*() macro family.
 
 // Tests that a simple MATCHER() definition works.
 
 MATCHER(IsEven, "") { return (arg % 2) == 0; }
 
 TEST(MatcherMacroTest, Works) {
   const Matcher<int> m = IsEven();
   EXPECT_TRUE(m.Matches(6));
   EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(7));
 
   EXPECT_EQ("is even", Describe(m));
   EXPECT_EQ("not (is even)", DescribeNegation(m));
   EXPECT_EQ("", Explain(m, 6));
   EXPECT_EQ("", Explain(m, 7));
 }
 
 // This also tests that the description string can reference 'negation'.
 MATCHER(IsEven2, negation ? "is odd" : "is even") {
   if ((arg % 2) == 0) {
     // Verifies that we can stream to result_listener, a listener
     // supplied by the MATCHER macro implicitly.
     *result_listener << "OK";
     return true;
   } else {
     *result_listener << "% 2 == " << (arg % 2);
     return false;
   }
 }
 
 // This also tests that the description string can reference matcher
 // parameters.
 MATCHER_P2(EqSumOf, x, y,
            string(negation ? "doesn't equal" : "equals") + " the sum of " +
            PrintToString(x) + " and " + PrintToString(y)) {
   if (arg == (x + y)) {
     *result_listener << "OK";
     return true;
   } else {
     // Verifies that we can stream to the underlying stream of
     // result_listener.
     if (result_listener->stream() != NULL) {
       *result_listener->stream() << "diff == " << (x + y - arg);
     }
     return false;
   }
 }
 
 // Tests that the matcher description can reference 'negation' and the
 // matcher parameters.
 TEST(MatcherMacroTest, DescriptionCanReferenceNegationAndParameters) {
   const Matcher<int> m1 = IsEven2();
   EXPECT_EQ("is even", Describe(m1));
   EXPECT_EQ("is odd", DescribeNegation(m1));
 
   const Matcher<int> m2 = EqSumOf(5, 9);
   EXPECT_EQ("equals the sum of 5 and 9", Describe(m2));
   EXPECT_EQ("doesn't equal the sum of 5 and 9", DescribeNegation(m2));
 }
 
 // Tests explaining match result in a MATCHER* macro.
 TEST(MatcherMacroTest, CanExplainMatchResult) {
   const Matcher<int> m1 = IsEven2();
   EXPECT_EQ("OK", Explain(m1, 4));
   EXPECT_EQ("% 2 == 1", Explain(m1, 5));
 
   const Matcher<int> m2 = EqSumOf(1, 2);
   EXPECT_EQ("OK", Explain(m2, 3));
   EXPECT_EQ("diff == -1", Explain(m2, 4));
 }
 
 // Tests that the body of MATCHER() can reference the type of the
 // value being matched.
 
 MATCHER(IsEmptyString, "") {
   StaticAssertTypeEq< ::std::string, arg_type>();
   return arg == "";
 }
 
 MATCHER(IsEmptyStringByRef, "") {
   StaticAssertTypeEq<const ::std::string&, arg_type>();
   return arg == "";
 }
 
 TEST(MatcherMacroTest, CanReferenceArgType) {
   const Matcher< ::std::string> m1 = IsEmptyString();
   EXPECT_TRUE(m1.Matches(""));
 
   const Matcher<const ::std::string&> m2 = IsEmptyStringByRef();
   EXPECT_TRUE(m2.Matches(""));
 }
 
 // Tests that MATCHER() can be used in a namespace.
 
 namespace matcher_test {
 MATCHER(IsOdd, "") { return (arg % 2) != 0; }
 }  // namespace matcher_test
 
 TEST(MatcherMacroTest, WorksInNamespace) {
   Matcher<int> m = matcher_test::IsOdd();
   EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(4));
   EXPECT_TRUE(m.Matches(5));
 }
 
 // Tests that Value() can be used to compose matchers.
 MATCHER(IsPositiveOdd, "") {
   return Value(arg, matcher_test::IsOdd()) && arg > 0;
 }
 
 TEST(MatcherMacroTest, CanBeComposedUsingValue) {
   EXPECT_THAT(3, IsPositiveOdd());
   EXPECT_THAT(4, Not(IsPositiveOdd()));
   EXPECT_THAT(-1, Not(IsPositiveOdd()));
 }
 
 // Tests that a simple MATCHER_P() definition works.
 
 MATCHER_P(IsGreaterThan32And, n, "") { return arg > 32 && arg > n; }
 
 TEST(MatcherPMacroTest, Works) {
   const Matcher<int> m = IsGreaterThan32And(5);
   EXPECT_TRUE(m.Matches(36));
   EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(5));
 
   EXPECT_EQ("is greater than 32 and 5", Describe(m));
   EXPECT_EQ("not (is greater than 32 and 5)", DescribeNegation(m));
   EXPECT_EQ("", Explain(m, 36));
   EXPECT_EQ("", Explain(m, 5));
 }
 
 // Tests that the description is calculated correctly from the matcher name.
 MATCHER_P(_is_Greater_Than32and_, n, "") { return arg > 32 && arg > n; }
 
 TEST(MatcherPMacroTest, GeneratesCorrectDescription) {
   const Matcher<int> m = _is_Greater_Than32and_(5);
 
   EXPECT_EQ("is greater than 32 and 5", Describe(m));
   EXPECT_EQ("not (is greater than 32 and 5)", DescribeNegation(m));
   EXPECT_EQ("", Explain(m, 36));
   EXPECT_EQ("", Explain(m, 5));
 }
 
 // Tests that a MATCHER_P matcher can be explicitly instantiated with
 // a reference parameter type.
 
 class UncopyableFoo {
  public:
   explicit UncopyableFoo(char value) : value_(value) {}
  private:
   UncopyableFoo(const UncopyableFoo&);
   void operator=(const UncopyableFoo&);
 
   char value_;
 };
 
 MATCHER_P(ReferencesUncopyable, variable, "") { return &arg == &variable; }
 
 TEST(MatcherPMacroTest, WorksWhenExplicitlyInstantiatedWithReference) {
   UncopyableFoo foo1('1'), foo2('2');
   const Matcher<const UncopyableFoo&> m =
       ReferencesUncopyable<const UncopyableFoo&>(foo1);
 
   EXPECT_TRUE(m.Matches(foo1));
   EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(foo2));
 
   // We don't want the address of the parameter printed, as most
   // likely it will just annoy the user.  If the address is
   // interesting, the user should consider passing the parameter by
   // pointer instead.
   EXPECT_EQ("references uncopyable 1-byte object <31>", Describe(m));
 }
 
 
 // Tests that the body of MATCHER_Pn() can reference the parameter
 // types.
 
 MATCHER_P3(ParamTypesAreIntLongAndChar, foo, bar, baz, "") {
   StaticAssertTypeEq<int, foo_type>();
   StaticAssertTypeEq<long, bar_type>();  // NOLINT
   StaticAssertTypeEq<char, baz_type>();
   return arg == 0;
 }
 
 TEST(MatcherPnMacroTest, CanReferenceParamTypes) {
   EXPECT_THAT(0, ParamTypesAreIntLongAndChar(10, 20L, 'a'));
 }
 
 // Tests that a MATCHER_Pn matcher can be explicitly instantiated with
 // reference parameter types.
 
 MATCHER_P2(ReferencesAnyOf, variable1, variable2, "") {
   return &arg == &variable1 || &arg == &variable2;
 }
 
 TEST(MatcherPnMacroTest, WorksWhenExplicitlyInstantiatedWithReferences) {
   UncopyableFoo foo1('1'), foo2('2'), foo3('3');
   const Matcher<const UncopyableFoo&> m =
       ReferencesAnyOf<const UncopyableFoo&, const UncopyableFoo&>(foo1, foo2);
 
   EXPECT_TRUE(m.Matches(foo1));
   EXPECT_TRUE(m.Matches(foo2));
   EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(foo3));
 }
 
 TEST(MatcherPnMacroTest,
      GeneratesCorretDescriptionWhenExplicitlyInstantiatedWithReferences) {
   UncopyableFoo foo1('1'), foo2('2');
   const Matcher<const UncopyableFoo&> m =
       ReferencesAnyOf<const UncopyableFoo&, const UncopyableFoo&>(foo1, foo2);
 
   // We don't want the addresses of the parameters printed, as most
   // likely they will just annoy the user.  If the addresses are
   // interesting, the user should consider passing the parameters by
   // pointers instead.
   EXPECT_EQ("references any of (1-byte object <31>, 1-byte object <32>)",
             Describe(m));
 }
 
 // Tests that a simple MATCHER_P2() definition works.
 
 MATCHER_P2(IsNotInClosedRange, low, hi, "") { return arg < low || arg > hi; }
 
 TEST(MatcherPnMacroTest, Works) {
   const Matcher<const long&> m = IsNotInClosedRange(10, 20);  // NOLINT
   EXPECT_TRUE(m.Matches(36L));
   EXPECT_FALSE(m.Matches(15L));
 
   EXPECT_EQ("is not in closed range (10, 20)", Describe(m));
   EXPECT_EQ("not (is not in closed range (10, 20))", DescribeNegation(m));
   EXPECT_EQ("", Explain(m, 36L));
   EXPECT_EQ("", Explain(m, 15L));
 }
 
 // Tests that MATCHER*() definitions can be overloaded on the number
 // of parameters; also tests MATCHER_Pn() where n >= 3.
 
 MATCHER(EqualsSumOf, "") { return arg == 0; }
 MATCHER_P(EqualsSumOf, a, "") { return arg == a; }
 MATCHER_P2(EqualsSumOf, a, b, "") { return arg == a + b; }
 MATCHER_P3(EqualsSumOf, a, b, c, "") { return arg == a + b + c; }
 MATCHER_P4(EqualsSumOf, a, b, c, d, "") { return arg == a + b + c + d; }
 MATCHER_P5(EqualsSumOf, a, b, c, d, e, "") { return arg == a + b + c + d + e; }
 MATCHER_P6(EqualsSumOf, a, b, c, d, e, f, "") {
   return arg == a + b + c + d + e + f;
 }
 MATCHER_P7(EqualsSumOf, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, "") {
   return arg == a + b + c + d + e + f + g;
 }
 MATCHER_P8(EqualsSumOf, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, "") {
   return arg == a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h;
 }
 MATCHER_P9(EqualsSumOf, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, "") {
   return arg == a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i;
 }
 MATCHER_P10(EqualsSumOf, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, "") {
   return arg == a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i + j;
 }
 
 TEST(MatcherPnMacroTest, CanBeOverloadedOnNumberOfParameters) {
   EXPECT_THAT(0, EqualsSumOf());
   EXPECT_THAT(1, EqualsSumOf(1));
   EXPECT_THAT(12, EqualsSumOf(10, 2));
   EXPECT_THAT(123, EqualsSumOf(100, 20, 3));
   EXPECT_THAT(1234, EqualsSumOf(1000, 200, 30, 4));
   EXPECT_THAT(12345, EqualsSumOf(10000, 2000, 300, 40, 5));
   EXPECT_THAT("abcdef",
               EqualsSumOf(::std::string("a"), 'b', 'c', "d", "e", 'f'));
   EXPECT_THAT("abcdefg",
               EqualsSumOf(::std::string("a"), 'b', 'c', "d", "e", 'f', 'g'));
   EXPECT_THAT("abcdefgh",
               EqualsSumOf(::std::string("a"), 'b', 'c', "d", "e", 'f', 'g',
                           "h"));
   EXPECT_THAT("abcdefghi",
               EqualsSumOf(::std::string("a"), 'b', 'c', "d", "e", 'f', 'g',
                           "h", 'i'));
   EXPECT_THAT("abcdefghij",
               EqualsSumOf(::std::string("a"), 'b', 'c', "d", "e", 'f', 'g',
                           "h", 'i', ::std::string("j")));
 
   EXPECT_THAT(1, Not(EqualsSumOf()));
   EXPECT_THAT(-1, Not(EqualsSumOf(1)));
   EXPECT_THAT(-12, Not(EqualsSumOf(10, 2)));
   EXPECT_THAT(-123, Not(EqualsSumOf(100, 20, 3)));
   EXPECT_THAT(-1234, Not(EqualsSumOf(1000, 200, 30, 4)));
   EXPECT_THAT(-12345, Not(EqualsSumOf(10000, 2000, 300, 40, 5)));
   EXPECT_THAT("abcdef ",
               Not(EqualsSumOf(::std::string("a"), 'b', 'c', "d", "e", 'f')));
   EXPECT_THAT("abcdefg ",
               Not(EqualsSumOf(::std::string("a"), 'b', 'c', "d", "e", 'f',
                               'g')));
   EXPECT_THAT("abcdefgh ",
               Not(EqualsSumOf(::std::string("a"), 'b', 'c', "d", "e", 'f', 'g',
                               "h")));
   EXPECT_THAT("abcdefghi ",
               Not(EqualsSumOf(::std::string("a"), 'b', 'c', "d", "e", 'f', 'g',
                               "h", 'i')));
   EXPECT_THAT("abcdefghij ",
               Not(EqualsSumOf(::std::string("a"), 'b', 'c', "d", "e", 'f', 'g',
                               "h", 'i', ::std::string("j"))));
 }
 
 // Tests that a MATCHER_Pn() definition can be instantiated with any
 // compatible parameter types.
 TEST(MatcherPnMacroTest, WorksForDifferentParameterTypes) {
   EXPECT_THAT(123, EqualsSumOf(100L, 20, static_cast<char>(3)));
   EXPECT_THAT("abcd", EqualsSumOf(::std::string("a"), "b", 'c', "d"));
 
   EXPECT_THAT(124, Not(EqualsSumOf(100L, 20, static_cast<char>(3))));
   EXPECT_THAT("abcde", Not(EqualsSumOf(::std::string("a"), "b", 'c', "d")));
 }
 
 // Tests that the matcher body can promote the parameter types.
 
 MATCHER_P2(EqConcat, prefix, suffix, "") {
   // The following lines promote the two parameters to desired types.
   std::string prefix_str(prefix);
   char suffix_char = static_cast<char>(suffix);
   return arg == prefix_str + suffix_char;
 }
 
 TEST(MatcherPnMacroTest, SimpleTypePromotion) {
   Matcher<std::string> no_promo =
       EqConcat(std::string("foo"), 't');
   Matcher<const std::string&> promo =
       EqConcat("foo", static_cast<int>('t'));
   EXPECT_FALSE(no_promo.Matches("fool"));
   EXPECT_FALSE(promo.Matches("fool"));
   EXPECT_TRUE(no_promo.Matches("foot"));
   EXPECT_TRUE(promo.Matches("foot"));
 }
 
 // Verifies the type of a MATCHER*.
 
 TEST(MatcherPnMacroTest, TypesAreCorrect) {
   // EqualsSumOf() must be assignable to a EqualsSumOfMatcher variable.
   EqualsSumOfMatcher a0 = EqualsSumOf();
 
   // EqualsSumOf(1) must be assignable to a EqualsSumOfMatcherP variable.
   EqualsSumOfMatcherP<int> a1 = EqualsSumOf(1);
 
   // EqualsSumOf(p1, ..., pk) must be assignable to a EqualsSumOfMatcherPk
   // variable, and so on.
   EqualsSumOfMatcherP2<int, char> a2 = EqualsSumOf(1, '2');
   EqualsSumOfMatcherP3<int, int, char> a3 = EqualsSumOf(1, 2, '3');
   EqualsSumOfMatcherP4<int, int, int, char> a4 = EqualsSumOf(1, 2, 3, '4');
   EqualsSumOfMatcherP5<int, int, int, int, char> a5 =
       EqualsSumOf(1, 2, 3, 4, '5');
   EqualsSumOfMatcherP6<int, int, int, int, int, char> a6 =
       EqualsSumOf(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, '6');
   EqualsSumOfMatcherP7<int, int, int, int, int, int, char> a7 =
       EqualsSumOf(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, '7');
   EqualsSumOfMatcherP8<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, char> a8 =
       EqualsSumOf(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, '8');
   EqualsSumOfMatcherP9<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, char> a9 =
       EqualsSumOf(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, '9');
   EqualsSumOfMatcherP10<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, char> a10 =
       EqualsSumOf(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, '0');
 
   // Avoid "unused variable" warnings.
   (void)a0;
   (void)a1;
   (void)a2;
   (void)a3;
   (void)a4;
   (void)a5;
   (void)a6;
   (void)a7;
   (void)a8;
   (void)a9;
   (void)a10;
 }
 
 // Tests that matcher-typed parameters can be used in Value() inside a
 // MATCHER_Pn definition.
 
 // Succeeds if arg matches exactly 2 of the 3 matchers.
 MATCHER_P3(TwoOf, m1, m2, m3, "") {
   const int count = static_cast<int>(Value(arg, m1))
       + static_cast<int>(Value(arg, m2)) + static_cast<int>(Value(arg, m3));
   return count == 2;
 }
 
 TEST(MatcherPnMacroTest, CanUseMatcherTypedParameterInValue) {
   EXPECT_THAT(42, TwoOf(Gt(0), Lt(50), Eq(10)));
   EXPECT_THAT(0, Not(TwoOf(Gt(-1), Lt(1), Eq(0))));
 }
 
 // Tests Contains().
 
 TEST(ContainsTest, ListMatchesWhenElementIsInContainer) {
   list<int> some_list;
   some_list.push_back(3);
   some_list.push_back(1);
   some_list.push_back(2);
   EXPECT_THAT(some_list, Contains(1));
   EXPECT_THAT(some_list, Contains(Gt(2.5)));
   EXPECT_THAT(some_list, Contains(Eq(2.0f)));
 
   list<string> another_list;
   another_list.push_back("fee");
   another_list.push_back("fie");
   another_list.push_back("foe");
   another_list.push_back("fum");
   EXPECT_THAT(another_list, Contains(string("fee")));
 }
 
 TEST(ContainsTest, ListDoesNotMatchWhenElementIsNotInContainer) {
   list<int> some_list;
   some_list.push_back(3);
   some_list.push_back(1);
   EXPECT_THAT(some_list, Not(Contains(4)));
 }
 
 TEST(ContainsTest, SetMatchesWhenElementIsInContainer) {
   set<int> some_set;
   some_set.insert(3);
   some_set.insert(1);
   some_set.insert(2);
   EXPECT_THAT(some_set, Contains(Eq(1.0)));
   EXPECT_THAT(some_set, Contains(Eq(3.0f)));
   EXPECT_THAT(some_set, Contains(2));
 
   set<const char*> another_set;
   another_set.insert("fee");
   another_set.insert("fie");
   another_set.insert("foe");
   another_set.insert("fum");
   EXPECT_THAT(another_set, Contains(Eq(string("fum"))));
 }
 
 TEST(ContainsTest, SetDoesNotMatchWhenElementIsNotInContainer) {
   set<int> some_set;
   some_set.insert(3);
   some_set.insert(1);
   EXPECT_THAT(some_set, Not(Contains(4)));
 
   set<const char*> c_string_set;
   c_string_set.insert("hello");
   EXPECT_THAT(c_string_set, Not(Contains(string("hello").c_str())));
 }
 
 TEST(ContainsTest, ExplainsMatchResultCorrectly) {
   const int a[2] = { 1, 2 };
   Matcher<const int (&)[2]> m = Contains(2);
   EXPECT_EQ("whose element #1 matches", Explain(m, a));
 
   m = Contains(3);
   EXPECT_EQ("", Explain(m, a));
 
   m = Contains(GreaterThan(0));
   EXPECT_EQ("whose element #0 matches, which is 1 more than 0", Explain(m, a));
 
   m = Contains(GreaterThan(10));
   EXPECT_EQ("", Explain(m, a));
 }
 
 TEST(ContainsTest, DescribesItselfCorrectly) {
   Matcher<vector<int> > m = Contains(1);
   EXPECT_EQ("contains at least one element that is equal to 1", Describe(m));
 
   Matcher<vector<int> > m2 = Not(m);
   EXPECT_EQ("doesn't contain any element that is equal to 1", Describe(m2));
 }
 
 TEST(ContainsTest, MapMatchesWhenElementIsInContainer) {
   map<const char*, int> my_map;
   const char* bar = "a string";
   my_map[bar] = 2;
   EXPECT_THAT(my_map, Contains(pair<const char* const, int>(bar, 2)));
 
   map<string, int> another_map;
   another_map["fee"] = 1;
   another_map["fie"] = 2;
   another_map["foe"] = 3;
   another_map["fum"] = 4;
   EXPECT_THAT(another_map, Contains(pair<const string, int>(string("fee"), 1)));
   EXPECT_THAT(another_map, Contains(pair<const string, int>("fie", 2)));
 }
 
 TEST(ContainsTest, MapDoesNotMatchWhenElementIsNotInContainer) {
   map<int, int> some_map;
   some_map[1] = 11;
   some_map[2] = 22;
   EXPECT_THAT(some_map, Not(Contains(pair<const int, int>(2, 23))));
 }
 
 TEST(ContainsTest, ArrayMatchesWhenElementIsInContainer) {
   const char* string_array[] = { "fee", "fie", "foe", "fum" };
   EXPECT_THAT(string_array, Contains(Eq(string("fum"))));
 }
 
 TEST(ContainsTest, ArrayDoesNotMatchWhenElementIsNotInContainer) {
   int int_array[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4 };
   EXPECT_THAT(int_array, Not(Contains(5)));
 }
 
 TEST(ContainsTest, AcceptsMatcher) {
   const int a[] = { 1, 2, 3 };
   EXPECT_THAT(a, Contains(Gt(2)));
   EXPECT_THAT(a, Not(Contains(Gt(4))));
 }
 
 TEST(ContainsTest, WorksForNativeArrayAsTuple) {
   const int a[] = { 1, 2 };
   const int* const pointer = a;
   EXPECT_THAT(make_tuple(pointer, 2), Contains(1));
   EXPECT_THAT(make_tuple(pointer, 2), Not(Contains(Gt(3))));
 }
 
 TEST(ContainsTest, WorksForTwoDimensionalNativeArray) {
   int a[][3] = { { 1, 2, 3 }, { 4, 5, 6 } };
   EXPECT_THAT(a, Contains(ElementsAre(4, 5, 6)));
   EXPECT_THAT(a, Contains(Contains(5)));
   EXPECT_THAT(a, Not(Contains(ElementsAre(3, 4, 5))));
   EXPECT_THAT(a, Contains(Not(Contains(5))));
 }
 
 TEST(AllOfTest, HugeMatcher) {
   // Verify that using AllOf with many arguments doesn't cause
   // the compiler to exceed template instantiation depth limit.
   EXPECT_THAT(0, testing::AllOf(_, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _,
                                 testing::AllOf(_, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _)));
 }
 
 TEST(AnyOfTest, HugeMatcher) {
   // Verify that using AnyOf with many arguments doesn't cause
   // the compiler to exceed template instantiation depth limit.
   EXPECT_THAT(0, testing::AnyOf(_, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _,
                                 testing::AnyOf(_, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _)));
 }
 
 namespace adl_test {
 
 // Verifies that the implementation of ::testing::AllOf and ::testing::AnyOf
 // don't issue unqualified recursive calls.  If they do, the argument dependent
 // name lookup will cause AllOf/AnyOf in the 'adl_test' namespace to be found
 // as a candidate and the compilation will break due to an ambiguous overload.
 
 // The matcher must be in the same namespace as AllOf/AnyOf to make argument
 // dependent lookup find those.
 MATCHER(M, "") { return true; }
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2>
 bool AllOf(const T1& t1, const T2& t2) { return true; }
 
 TEST(AllOfTest, DoesNotCallAllOfUnqualified) {
   EXPECT_THAT(42, testing::AllOf(
       M(), M(), M(), M(), M(), M(), M(), M(), M(), M()));
 }
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2> bool
 AnyOf(const T1& t1, const T2& t2) { return true; }
 
 TEST(AnyOfTest, DoesNotCallAnyOfUnqualified) {
   EXPECT_THAT(42, testing::AnyOf(
       M(), M(), M(), M(), M(), M(), M(), M(), M(), M()));
 }
 
 }  // namespace adl_test
 
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
 # pragma warning(pop)
 #endif
 
 }  // namespace

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